Ethanol is a renewable resource made from plants with the chemical formula C?H?OH. Countries use grain alcohol as an alternative provide for many reasons. Brazil is the worlds top ethyl alcohol producer, using sugar cane as the feedstock. One third of this countrys automobiles use unclouded ethanol as fuel and the remaining use mixtures of vegetable oil and ethanol. Other countries that use ethanol include the United States, France, the Phillipines, sulphur Africa, Thailand and etc; however they use government/private ethanol fuel programs. These programs aim to reduce the countrys dependence on costly imported fuel and to assist in develop alternative fuel industries.
Ethanol is manufactured in 2 ways, from ethylene and fermentation. The first process (hydration) involves the addition of pee, using a phosphoric acid catalyst. The catalyst opens the double bond allowing water to attach; forming ethanol. Conditions for this process include low temperatures (300°C) and high pressures of 60 to 70 atmospheres. (Equation)
The second process involves the fermentation of sugars and starches using yeast as a catalyst. The first step of this process requires a consistent temperature (25 to 37°C). If the temperature is below 25°C, the yeast result be useless, if its above 37°C, the yeast leave behind die.
The second step involves the concentration of the ethanol for it to be serviceable by di tranquillizeation. (Equation)
Manufacturing ethanol from ethylene is not preferred because ethylene production requires fossil fuels. So even though ethanol is being produced to help minimise the use of petroleum, manufacturing it from ethylene would still need to use fossil fuels to create ethanol.
Ethanol as an alternative fuel is beneficial to society, as its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. Advantages of ethanol include its biodegradability, being a renewable resource (meaning the materials ask for its production can be easily acquired) and can be made from resources that arent fossil fuels....If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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