LU 1: CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE
1.1 Keys to the study of chemistry
Chemistry deals with the properties and transformation of egress and the energy associated with those changes. 1.1.1 Matter, cistrons and escalates Matter is anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass: such as air, water, planets, and students. Matter occurs commonly in three physical states: solid, silver-tongued or gas. It exists either as pure matter or impure matter. The pure matter goat be an element or a compound, and impure matter is a multifariousness (Figure 1.1). An element is a pure substance which cannot be depleted down into simpler substance chemically. It consists of only one type of section and the sections can be either atoms or molecules. exemplars: Atoms: Na, K, Mg, etc Molecules: O2, H2, Cl2, etc A compound is usually made up of 2 or more(prenominal) elements which are chemically bonded together so that the elements that make up the compound lose their identities and do take on a new set of properties. A compound can be made up of either molecules (molecular compound) or ions (ionic compound).
Examples: Molecular compound: H2O, CO2, NH3, etc Ionic compound: NaOH, NH4OH, NaCl, MgSO4 etc Impure Matter - intermixture Mixture consists of two or more elements or compounds that are involved without combining chemically. Each part of the matter in a mixture has its own identity (properties). Each matter can be separated using physical or automatic means. Example: vinegar, soil, rocks, milk. Mixtures can be heterogeneous mixtures or akin mixtures: Heterogeneous mixtures- the substances are not go around out evenly. Example: a bottle of liquid salad dressing. Homogeneous mixtures- the substances are spread evenly throughout; a homogeneous mixture is called a solution. Example: vinegar (water and acetic acid are mix evenly throughout). Other examples: soft drinks, glass. An atom is the smallest neutral particle of an element that can take part in a chemical...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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