"Corruption and Transborder Criminality"

What have been some of the solutions to each of these problems that your authors have suggested? Which do you venture have been most appropriate and why?

From the Peter Eigen article, corruptness in a Globalized arena the solution to corruption has to reckon a constructive partnership surrounded by govt, the private empyrean and civil society.

Notes from the article:

* International Chamber of Commerce with hydrofoil International for the OECD treaty supporting anti-bribery principles and integrity standard.

* National unity System, not looking at separate institutions, but at interrelationships, interdependence, holistic approach.

* horizontal accountability where power is dispersed, separately accountable, domineering identification of gaps and weaknesses

* acquire corruption a high-risk, low submit undertaking

* NGOs working with the private sector, creative dialogue, accountable governance to make the benefits of globalization fair, and building coalitions to fight corruption

From the Peter Richardson article, in the Simmons and Oudratt maintain:

Four major lessons on finding solution for corruption--

1) availability and ventilation of information regarding corruption is a powerful tool in drawing attention to corruption

2) cooperative approach is more hard-hitting than confrontation (i.e.



govt, private sector, and civil society)

3) expert knowledge on how to design and implement system changes

4) building trust among both parties that no one will cheat by monitoring, implementation, and enforcement

1990 Anti-Corruption rouse:

In 1993, Peter Eigen created Transparency International which supported national anti-corruption coalitions between civil society, business, and government). Other international actors involved were Intl Chamber of Commerce, OECD, World Bank, IMF, and Regional Development banks.

* TIs annual Corruption Perceptions Index-ranked countries by levels of corruption, pervert Payers Index, and Sourcebook

* IMF and World Bank released the Declaration on Partnerships for Sustainable Growth

* financial Action Task Force featured 15 noncooperative countries as potential havens for corruption

* Non-compliance...

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